The analysis of the qualitative data demonstrated that the English teachers were positive with the utilization of Malay to scaffold them to teach English, particularly when it involved the low proficiency students. The audio-recordings gained from the semi-structured interviews and lessons were transcribed and analyzed thematically by using NVivo 12 software.
Afterwards their English lessons were recorded to examine how the nature of the use of L1 in teaching the lesson L2 content. First, they were interviewed to explore their views regarding the use of L1 in the teaching process. A convenience sample of three English teachers from national secondary schools in the state of Pahang participated in this study. In this background, the current study aims to examine English (L2) teacher's utilization of Malay (L1) in the English as L2 classroom by adopting a qualitative research method. However, a disparity exists between teachers' beliefs and practices, a fact which implies that L2 teachers are not aware of the correct ways of using L1 in the classroom. Some previous studies reported that the main reason for the 104 teacher's switch is the efficacy of this technique with the low proficiency learners. Regular and/ or excessive use of L1 by L2 teachers is seen as a threat towards learners' L2 development, yet an inquiry can be raised as "what are the circumstances that induce teachers to switch to the L1 during the teaching process?". Despite this, teaching a TL by excluding the L1 has not been a popular option among L2 language teachers, especially, when they share L1 with the learners. It is often disregarded due to ongoing criticisms from proponents of the monolingual approach in second language (L2) learning.
He added that Malaysia should be thankful that Bahasa Melayu did not suffer a similar fate, and this is the result of the united effort in support of the language within the archipelago by Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam.The issue of using L 1 in L 2 classrooms is seen as a taboo. “This has not been so for all major languages in the world, as some languages have become increasingly sparse due to globalisation, while others are facing the threat of extinction,” he said as reported by the Malay Mail. “As the Malaysian Family, to whom this mother tongue this belongs to, we should feel proud, despite the strong dominance of the English language, Bahasa Melayu remains powerful, with its own unique rhythm, which has remained evergreen in the world’s civilisation. Prime Minister Datuk Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob said that there are currently more than 6,000 languages still in use, but only 20 languages, including Bahasa Melayu, are categorised and recognised as official languages. Malaysians should be proud that Bahasa Melayu is not only still being used internationally, but is ranked the 10th most popular language in the world!
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